Dachau Concentration Camp Entrance with Svenja and Connor
Wednesday 24th September 2014 – Dachau Concentration Camp, Munich, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Farchant
*Please note– A big part of this blog and this day was the Dachau Concentration Camp and therefore it is a little confronting and quite emotional. If you feel you won’t be able to handle the stories and images feel free to skip to the end of the blog which is a little more cheerful or you may just want to skip today’s blog completely.
Today certainly was a day of mixed emotions. It was this morning I said goodbye to Alwin & Nicky, as they were off to visit their friend Heidi in Austria whom they had not seen in over 20 years, and it was a little like saying goodbye to Mum and Dad again. They graciously invited me to visit them for Christmas although unfortunately my Contiki tour takes me through north of Germany early December and Christmas will be spent in Budapest. Today was also my last day with Svenja but also the start of my German adventures with Connor (who was in Germany for a couple of weeks for work). Connor and I had both decided that we wanted to visit the concentration camp and see this part of history first-hand, we were indeed told it would not be a nice day but it was something we felt we had to do. We were very grateful to have Svenja agree to come with us, especially as it was to be Svenja’s third visit (only those who have been to this place will know how very much we did indeed appreciate this as I am quite certain I would probably not be able to visit twice… let alone thrice).
Now one of the reasons I was on Facebook a bit when in Germany was this was the only way I could contact Connor while he toured around Germany to meet us. A few nights before we decided he would find somewhere to stay in Dachau and we would meet him at the concentration camp in the morning (Germany is very open about its history which includes free transport to the camp and free entry to allow everyone to see it). However it wasn’t until the night before that I got the message Connor sent the morning before saying he was going to Munich to find accommodation – during Oktoberfest! Oh no. I am not sure if Connor forgot it was Oktoberfest or just thought he would try his luck as he didn’t have any accommodation pre-booked and I did have a little panic attack when I read his messages after getting back from Austria and it was then dark (accommodation in Munich during Oktoberfest is often booked out well in advance as tourists come from all over the world). I was very relieved however to speak to him that morning and find he found accommodation in Munich (a hotel and not a bench at the station which may have been Plan B) and very close to the central train station where we planned to meet – now that was luck!
So after a train ride to the city Svenja and I played “Find the Aussie” in the Munich central station, which was relatively easy and then the three of us were off on the next train to Dachau.
Gate entrance
“Work will set you free”
After we caught the free bus to the camp we learned that you could take a guided 2 and a half hour tour for 3 euros or an audio tour in your language for 3 euros, no one was keen to be there as long as 2 and a half hours so we opted for the audio guides and to go at our own pace. You can also just tour the camp without any guides and there is plenty of information at all of the signs in German or English (and occasionally Russian). Connor and I took some photos while we waited for Svenja to find the toilets…And we waited…And we waited… And then we realised we had lost the German…in Germany! Luckily she turned up after not too long a wait and we started our audio tour.
Dachau Concentration Camp
“May the example of those who were exterminated here between 1933-1945 because they resisted Nazism help to unite the living for the defence of peace and freedom and in respect for their fellow men.”
We visited the monuments that were around the place first and the feelings you felt as you viewed these were very strong and you were constantly overwhelmed by feelings of compassion and horrible sorrow. The artwork that is on display next to the wall that reads “Never Again” is quite a confronting piece and the faces of the bodies show a horror that no one should ever have had to endure and is hard to understand. The colours in one of the artworks represent the different people, cultures and nationalities that were impressed (but according to the sign inside the museum because it was made and designed around 1960 it was decided to “not include symbols for gay or black people”).
Chosen artwork that was voted upon
View of artwork from the back
“Never Again” wall next to ashes of an unknown concentration camp prisoner
The perimeter was surrounded by a brick wall topped with barbed wire, a watch tower, an electrified fence, a ditch and then a strip known as “The Death Strip.” When I had first heard of the death strip and viewed photos I thought it would be the strip of land in between the fence and the wall where prisoners were clearly trying to escape. However the death strip is where you can see green grass and if a prisoner touched a toe onto this strip they were shot dead as they were assumed they were running away. Guards often purposely made prisoners fall behind and forced them to touch this strip so they could shoot ‘an escaping prisoner’ and receive a bonus.
Perimeter fence
Death strip, gully and electric fence
Watch tower
Looking through the barbed wire down the death strip
Harsh brick walls topped with barbed-wire
We came across the Jewish monument first with English, German and Hebrew written around the monument that included a hole in the roof to let a beacon of sunlight enter in.
Jewish Monument
Inside the Jewish Monument
The second was the tall Catholic monument that also included a monument behind it for the people from Poland.
Catholic Monument
Inside the Catholic Monument
Polish Monument
Polish Monument behind the Catholic Monument
The next was the Protestant monument and something looked strange about it but I just couldn’t work out what it was until I read the sign. Because the prisoners had to be present for roll call mornings and evenings standing still for hours on end in no matter what weather (sometimes even the dead had to be dragged out for the roll call) and right angles were favoured in these roll call assembly areas the designers of this monument did not use any right angles at all. You also could go in and light a candle or write a message or prayer and I must say it was a nicer atmosphere around and in these monuments rather than what you felt walking around the other places of the camp.
Protestant Monument (no right-angles)
Protestant Monument
Inside the Protestant Monument
The last monument was the Russian monument and the gates were closed so you could not go inside although there were many gold statues packed inside the small but tall monument.
Russian Monument
Throughout our tour of the camp we noticed that no one looked happy or was smiling. The emotions of the place clearly affected everyone who was there and it was the first place where I did not see someone take a ‘selfie’ as it really didn’t seem appropriate and even taking photos at times did not feel appropriate and was only done when necessary.
Outside of second crematorium (larger one with the gas chamber)
We then got to the crematoriums and some of the photos on the signs and in the museum of the many stacked up, starved looking dead bodies was horrific. The first crematorium had two burners but after a few years were already working over capacity and they had to build a new building with 4 more. Horrible I know, but this is history that did happen. They, more often than not, killed the people by hanging them in front of the ovens before using the ovens to then cremate the bodies.
Old crematorium that was soon working over capacity
Newer crematorium
Newer crematorium
In the new building was also one of the gas chambers that was disguised as showers (although the Germans claimed these weren’t really used).
Sign over gas chamber entrance
Gas chamber disguised as showers
This was all a little overwhelming and surreal and seeing a path going through some trees we decided to take it and have a little break but also to find the monuments for the people that were shot in that area.
“Grave of Many Thousands Unknown”
We then walked down the lane that once had barracks running along either side (the Americans knocked these down). But went into one that had been remade so people could see what it was like. The Dachau camp was made for 2,000 prisoners however it mainly held at the onetime over 200,000 prisoners (that is not a mistake there were more than ten times the amount of people in this camp then there ever should have been). Some prisoners were sent to a camp in Austria which was a long, cold hard journey over the mountains where they were stacked in trains or had to walk and it was often the sick, disabled and injured prisoners who were sent there as they more than likely died along the way. A lot of prisoners were made to start the journey there when the Germans heard the Americans were coming. The Americans were so angry when they saw the bodies and the terror and starvation that a lot started lining up and shooting the German SS soldiers until someone had to stop them. It is hard to imagine what they all would have been feeling.
Lane in between the barracks (Hitler liked the look of roads/lanes with trees on both sides)
We also went into the museum to read the stories and histories and see the photos. It is very emotional and hard to read and see. Except unlike when watching a scary movie instead of telling yourself ‘This isn’t real’ you realise ‘This was real, and this did happen’ and it becomes even more horrible and surreal. I had to sit down a few times and have a break in the museum (it was very emotional) and I kept thinking and my body kept giving me signs that I needed to escape and get out and not feel so trapped however I also knew it was history and that I should understand what happened and how some people may feel (after all that war is a big reason as to why my family are Australian). It was comforting when both Svenja and Connor had to stop and sit down with me at different points and both said the exact same things I had been thinking and feeling.
The first bunks were nicer looking and even had shelves for prisoners’ personal belongings.
Newer bunks
No privacy in the toilets
Wash basins
Lockers and benches – Everything had to be spotless or the whole barrack was punished and so a lot of punishment went on between the prisoners themselves to stop the whole barrack from suffering the consequences.
The newer style bunk made to fit more prisoners. They would cram as many people as they could onto the bunks – sleeping head-to-toe.
We went through the museum and watched videos and testimonies of some people who were imprisoned at the camp and how they were involved in soccer teams and so forth. Reporters once came to check out the camp and so they fed the prisoners up before this, made them build a lake to swim in when the reporters arrived and organised soccer teams to make the camp look more like a ‘holiday retreat’ rather than the horrific concentration camp that it was.
We did not get all the way through when we realised it was nearly 3 o’clock and that we still hadn’t had lunch and collectively agreed that we needed to leave. I honestly think that was the fastest we walked the whole trip as subconsciously all three of us were taking bigger, faster steps and feeling the need to get out of that place and get as far away as possible.
End of Dachau
Munich building
Munich
We travelled back to Munich and decided to find a restaurant for lunch (well the other two decided as frankly I was ready to eat just about anything and was very disheartened to walk past bakeries with food smelling so good). We found a nice restaurant and opted to sit outside in the fresh air as Svenja helped us to decipher the German menu to decide what to eat. Connor’s beer was by far the hardest thing to work out and the waitress was not impressed with his first choice stating that it was too small and once settled on a larger glass she was much happier “Yes, this is bigger, better for the man.” One of the things that seems to be common in Bavaria is telling people if you don’t like what they are doing – including waitresses who don’t like what you order it seems! She returned with a decent sized glass and Connor after tasting it said it was the nicest, sweetest beer he had tasted and to try it. Svenja in a matter-of-fact way replied “Yes of course it is sweet, it has lemonade in it.” Haha yep we did have to laugh and now understood why the waitress was so annoyed – Connor had ordered a shandy! Although it certainly was still the nicest shandy I have ever tasted. So after calling the annoyed waitress back again (granted they were a little busy but not too badly) Connor ordered a full-strength beer that got an approving nod from the waitress (as well as a ‘bloody tourists’ eye roll). Next to our table we were then joined by four elderly gentlemen who had just returned from Oktoberfest and quite friendly and chatty. We established that they were all from different countries but living together in Switzerland at present (one was a teacher from England who was travelling to Australia soon, one was from Germany and perhaps the most sober of the four, one was from the Philippines, and I am sorry to have forgotten where the other man was from but for arguments sake let’s say Switzerland). They called themselves ‘The Old Geezers Club” and seemed to be having a ball away from their families (one was even a great-grandfather) and enjoying each other’s company. Sadly we couldn’t talk too long as we were running out of daylight and had to make it back to the medieval shop to pick up Steve’s sword and axe head that hadn’t arrived on Saturday.
Now I had a ball in the shop the first day I went there but now it was Connor’s turn (and I got to enjoy not being the only tourist fascinated by everything). This time the shop keeper’s son was in and when Connor asked to take photos of and with the weapons he was more than obliging. In fact he even allowed Connor to take down the biggest sword in the shop to have a hold of (I actually had to step outside of the shop in order to get the whole sword in the photo). After having a good look around and a play we packed up the axe head and had the sword wrapped but carried it through the streets of Munich. I must admit it was very nice to just be able to have a little fun and enjoy ourselves with the idea of carrying a sword through Munich (although we did have to keep it away from Svenja when the ticket machine wasn’t working as she threatened to use it on them).
Connor with a dagger
Connor with the largest sword in the medieval shop
But it was then soon time for Connor and I to say goodbye to Svenja (although knowing that this was Svenja’s and my fourth meeting we knew we would certainly see each other again), grab our bags and head to Garmisch-Partenkirchen on the train (after Svenja taught us how to use the machines – very easy when you can switch them to English!). I had booked a hotel, before I left England, near Zugspitze as we figured it would be easiest to access to climb Zugspitze the next day and only a little over an hour train ride to Munich for Oktoberfest the next day (after my not so good experiences in England I certainly wasn’t leaving the country this time without having my accommodation sorted). Being old friends who had so far been on very different German adventures (Connor seeing and staying in the cities of Cologne & Berlin) the conversation flowed easily and the train ride went quite quickly (the train even had a map of the countryside on the table which I am sad to say I don’t have a picture of but Connor might have). We then decided to check out Google Maps and see where our hotel was in relation to the train station, we saw that it seemed to actually be next to the train station in Farchant one stop before Garmisch-Partenkirchen. So we decided to get off at Farchant not knowing if we were making the right decision or not we gathered our gear and got to the door. Connor pushed the button and the door didn’t open, he pushed it again and it still didn’t open, after a few attempts at the door we were soon too late and the train was off. Oh well it looked like fate had decided we were going to the Garmish train station after all. The relaxed atmosphere of Germany had rubbed off on us as we were both calm and relaxed and not worried at all – we were on an adventure after all!
Now Connor having travelled some of Germany by himself actually could say a few phrases in Deutch, which I will admit impressed me, and Svenja informed us that his pronunciation was indeed correct. Connor has also now grown quite a moustache and beard and had learned the word for “moustache” in German. A man sitting next to the door that we couldn’t get out of had quite a moustache and the man, his wife, Connor and I had quite a laugh at the mutual respect the men then shared over their facial hair when Connor said “Moustache” to him in German. At the next stop Connor had to leave his new moustache friend behind as we found a taxi (which was quite easy) and showed the driver the directions to the motel which we were grateful he knew just from the address. Connor stated “My German is horrible” in Deutch and the taxi driver replied that his English was “horrible” but with broken German and English we were grateful to only have a ten minute taxi ride and arrive at what looked like a very cute and quaint hotel in lovely fresh, mountain air. Upon entering the hotel we found the man at reception was expecting us and easily switched from German to English for us and made our stay quite comfortable. The rooms were comfortable and from the balcony even in the dark you could see the mountains, you could also hear the wind through the trees and the cow bells in the distance. Being later at night we soon forgot all about finding food and decided to get some sleep for our big day on Zugpsitze tomorrow.
Photo of our hotel on the last morning (Hotel Garni Zugspitz, Farchant)